{"id":1908,"date":"2022-07-15T13:51:19","date_gmt":"2022-07-15T10:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/?page_id=1908"},"modified":"2023-10-04T21:12:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T18:12:02","slug":"livestock-in-details","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/","title":{"rendered":"Livestock in Detail"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1908\" class=\"elementor elementor-1908\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-15923864 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"15923864\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae45d33\" data-id=\"ae45d33\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f17f67f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f17f67f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Livestock In Detail<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fce6098 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fce6098\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ec85abd\" data-id=\"5ec85abd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d74d73e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d74d73e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>ICARDA\u2019s integrated approach to more productive and sustainable crop-livestock systems focuses on the farmer and community-based solutions for improving sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management and restoration, water-efficient dryland forage production, and better crop-livestock integration in hybrid dryland systems.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>Our solutions strive toward land degradation neutrality through restoration strategies that respond to climate change, reducing the environmental footprint of dryland agriculture. We also provide information and skills to rural households to ensure product safety and maximize value-added advantages. ICARDA\u2019s teams interact with other CGIAR Centers on new projects and frameworks that define future crop-livestock methods under the One CGIAR reformulation to guarantee that CGIAR uses our new science now and in the future.\u00a0<\/p><p>This work is carried out by ICARDA\u2019s Resilient Agro-Silvo-Pastoral Systems (RASP) team, which also integrates the research teams on Rangeland Ecology and Forages (REF), the Restoration Initiative on Dryland Ecosystems (RIDE), and Small Ruminants (SR).\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-151e01d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"151e01d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-61365ad\" data-id=\"61365ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12d3ae9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"12d3ae9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-accordion{text-align:left}.elementor-accordion .elementor-accordion-item{border:1px solid #d5d8dc}.elementor-accordion .elementor-accordion-item+.elementor-accordion-item{border-top:none}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title{margin:0;padding:15px 20px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon{display:inline-block;width:1.5em}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon svg{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon.elementor-accordion-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon.elementor-accordion-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon .elementor-accordion-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon .elementor-accordion-icon-opened,.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-accordion-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-accordion-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-content{display:none;padding:15px 20px;border-top:1px solid #d5d8dc}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px 15px}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-title .elementor-accordion-icon{width:1.2em}.elementor-accordion .elementor-tab-content{padding:7px 15px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-accordion,.e-con>.elementor-widget-accordion{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3151\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3151\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Scaling the community-based breeding program <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3151\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3151\"><p>In 2021, the SR team, with funds from the United States Department of Agriculture, used a scaling framework developed by ICARDA to scale the goat community-based breeding program (CBBP) with more than 2,000 households in Konso, Ethiopia. Full sire certification\u2014covering breeding value, physical integrity, semen assessment, mating ability, and vaccination against five diseases\u2014has been established as a pre-condition for disseminating sires in at least four sheep and goat CBBPs in Ethiopia. To further scale CBBPs through educational systems, ICARDA engaged 23 local Ethiopian universities. Over ten universities have incorporated CBBPs in their undergraduate program, and six universities have started CBBPs in nearby villages.\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3152\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3152\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Identifying Important Genes for Climate-Smart Sheep <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3152\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3152\"><p>Collaborating with National Agricultural Research Systems, ICARDA\u2019s RASP team made a huge breakthrough by identifying in the genomes (all genetic information of an organism) of sheep, specific genes that may be responsible for adaptation to different environments (for example drylands and highlands) and resistance to internal parasites. Such genomic locations and genes can now be used to investigate variations that can be deployed in breeding programs to increase the resistance of small ruminants to specific challenges in environments in which communities live under climate change.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3153\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3153\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Enhancing resilience against sand and dust storms in agriculture <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3153\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3153\"><p>Within the scope of the ICARDA-FAO project, &#8216;Catalyzing Investments and Actions to Enhance Resilience against Sand and Dust Storms in Agriculture,&#8217; ICARDA\u2019s RIDE team, developed a framework and evaluation method in 2021 to assess sustainable land management (SLM) practices and their potential to mitigate sand and dust storm sources and impacts on agriculture. By adequately managing crucial land resources such as soils, water, animals, and plants, SLM allows for sustainable and environmentally sound agriculture, and ensures\u202fthe long-term survival, productive potential,\u202fand ecosystem functions of vital resources.\u202f\u202fRIDE presented their findings at the United Nations pre-Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) side event on &#8216;Sand and Dust Storm and Climate Change&#8217; in September 2021.\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3154\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3154\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Dr. Mounir Louhaichi selected as Deputy Lead of a One CGIAR initiative <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3154\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3154\"><p>In 2021, ICARDA\u2019s REF Research Team Leader, Dr. Mounir Louhaichi, was selected as deputy leader of the One CGIAR initiative, Livestock, Climate and System Resilience. This initiative aims to partner with public and private actors to develop and deliver actionable innovations that measurably help producers, businesses, and governments adapt livestock agrifood systems to climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to sustainability and development goals across livestock systems. Dr. Louhaichi is also a member of the Global Coordinating Group of the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists, which succeeded in getting the United Nations General Assembly to unanimously declare 2026 the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists. The REF Research Team Leader has also joined the editorial boards of the African Journal of Range &amp; Forage Science and the Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3155\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3155\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Dr. Sawsan Hassan selected as a member of ARRI\u2019s Forgotten Foods, Neglected Crops and Underutilized Species technical committee<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3155\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3155\"><p>ICARDA\u2019s Forage Systems Coordinator, Dr. Sawsan Hassan, has been selected as a member of the technical committee for Forgotten Foods, Neglected Crops and Underutilized Species, managed by the Association of Agricultural Research Institutions in the Near East &amp; North Africa. The committee carries out research activities and data analysis, gives presentations and discussions, holds deliberations and debates, and drafts manifestos on forgotten foods.&nbsp;<\/p><div><br><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3156\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3156\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\"> Spineless cactus project provides fodder from degraded lands in Odisha<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3156\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3156\"><p>Under the leadership of Dr. Nigamananda Swain, a project to introduce spineless cactus as fodder in degraded and hilly lands achieved a range of positive impacts in 2021. Implemented with the support of the Government of Odisha, and with technical support from RASP, ICARDA and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, 425.26\u202fhectares of degraded and hilly community lands have been planted with 28,442 cactus cladodes to establish 16 foundation nurseries and 36 village-level multiplication nurseries. The project has created more than 75,500 job-days for local communities. By intercropping in the cactus fields, these communities also earned an additional income of Rs7,500 (US$100) per hectare, approximately 56\u202fpercent more than local communities used to earn from the same land. Positive impacts for soil and water conservation are also expected in the coming years with the establishment of spineless cactus plantations.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3157\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3157\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Using science-based evidence to properly manage degraded arid rangelands in Tunisia <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3157\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3157\"><p>Natural rangelands cover over a third of Tunisia\u2019s land. But the majority (87\u202fpercent) of these rangelands are in arid and desert areas, and erratic fluctuations in rainfall supply mean there is not always enough vegetation to sustain livestock. The main cost-effective restoration technique is Gdel, which consists of resting pieces of land for a fixed period, during which it cannot be grazed. However, for many years the carrying capacity of the land has been based on arbitrary visual estimates performed by a selected field crew. In recent years, under the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock, ICARDA researchers developed criteria to help land managers decide whether grazing would impede rangeland restoration efforts. Now the carrying capacity is determined based on four criteria that offer key indicators of rangeland health: (1) biomass availability, (2) percentage of desirable (edible for livestock) species, (3) vegetation cover, and (4) rainfall distribution and amount. Development agencies and local communities have expressed appreciation for the flexibility to adjust grazing strategies based on climatic conditions that differ from year to year, and ICARDA researchers hope the criteria will be widely adopted.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3158\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3158\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Sulla: a native forage species for reversing degradation in Mediterranean agro-silvo-pastoral systems <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3158\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3158\"><p>Agro-silvo-pastoral dryland landscapes are important throughout Africa and Asia for millions of rural families, who depend on them for growing the grasses, shrubs, and trees they need to feed their livestock. Yet due to worsening climate change impacts, increasing population, and mismanagement such as overgrazing, the ability of these areas to produce enough forage is fast declining. A key forage species indigenous to the Mediterranean is sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.). A deep-rooted legume, sulla is also effective in the biological fixation of sloping land and improving the organo-mineral soil fertility, yields, and protein value of cereals. It is highly palatable to animals, nutritious, and productive. The REF team has demonstrated that planting sulla can help halt degradation, significantly reduce soil and water erosion, increase productivity, and provide more forage to sustainably meet the demands of increasing livestock production while lowering import costs of feed. The REF team has used these findings to develop an integrated package for agropastoral restoration.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3159\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3159\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Scaling Conservation Agriculture in Crop-Livestock Systems <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3159\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3159\"><p>ICARDA has enabled public-private partnerships for forage seed production in the Conservation Agriculture in Crop-Livestock Systems project framework, funded by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). As a result, 2021 witnessed substantial achievements in scaling forage mixtures in crop-livestock-based systems in Tunisia and Algeria. For example, the quantities of vetch seeds available in the market increased by 300\u202fpercent in the past five years. Similar growth has been observed for forage mixtures, which are increasingly demanded by farmers.&nbsp;<\/p><div><br><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-31510\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-31510\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">A productive year for REF publications <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-31510\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-31510\"><p>REF scientists published a total of 13 papers in International Scientific Indexing publications in 2021, covering topics ranging from the sustainable restoration of agro-silvo-pastoral systems to the impact of rangeland biodiversity and climate variability. The REF team has also reinforced the Sustainable Rangeland Management toolkit, which will be adopted by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in their training programs, with the publication of an Outcome Impact Case Report, an Innovation Brief, and a guide for rangeland inventorying, monitoring, and assessment. Other publications include an International Livestock Research Institute-ICARDA policy brief summarizing key insights on rangeland restoration, a study on native, drought-tolerant forage species for enhanced dryland pasture restoration in Tunisia, and more than 10 factsheets characterizing forage and range species.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-31511\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-31511\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-down\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><i class=\"fas fa-angle-double-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Spineless Cactus <\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-31511\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-31511\"><p>ICARDA\u2019s work on spineless cactus was selected as one of IFAD\u2019s Panorama Solutions, and a case study about a cactus fruit plantation in arid drylands was uploaded to the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies Global Database on Sustainable Land Management. Activities related to strengthening cactus pear development and adaptation also led to a brief, an Outcome Impact Case Report, a newsletter, four educational videos, and, in collaboration with FAO, an event to launch the Arabic edition of Crop Ecology, Cultivation and Uses of Cactus Pear.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0b644e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b0b644e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e65699a\" data-id=\"e65699a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ec1aee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0ec1aee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FEATURE VIDEO<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff58611 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff58611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">dryland window<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8778f1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"8778f1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/edHo_Ix2Huo&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-video .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{height:100%;width:100%;display:flex;border:none;background-color:#000}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-open-inline .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-size:cover;background-position:50%}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay:hover .elementor-custom-embed-play i{opacity:1}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio);-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center center;object-position:center center}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .e-hosted-video .elementor-video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-video,.e-con>.elementor-widget-video{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5b8db9cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5b8db9cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c50b64e\" data-id=\"c50b64e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f5e010 elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9f5e010\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/10\/ICARDA_Annual_Report_2021.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon elementor-align-icon-right\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-download\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download Annual Report 2021 PDF<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Livestock In Detail ICARDA\u2019s integrated approach to more productive and sustainable crop-livestock systems focuses on the farmer and community-based solutions for improving sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management and restoration, water-efficient dryland forage production, and better crop-livestock integration in hybrid dryland systems.\u00a0 Our solutions strive toward land degradation neutrality through restoration strategies that respond to climate change, reducing the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ICARDA&#039;s integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ICARDA&#039;s integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ICARDA Annual Report 2021\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/icarda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-04T18:12:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ICARDA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/\",\"name\":\"Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-15T10:51:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-04T18:12:02+00:00\",\"description\":\"ICARDA's integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Livestock in Detail\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/\",\"name\":\"ICARDA Annual Report 2021\",\"description\":\"ICARDA Annual Report 2021\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#organization\",\"name\":\"nternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/02\/logo-icarda-2022.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/02\/logo-icarda-2022.png\",\"width\":316,\"height\":82,\"caption\":\"nternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/icarda\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ICARDA\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/icarda_cgiar\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCwzPIJDIXyBNQuEL-YdzRpQ\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021","description":"ICARDA's integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021","og_description":"ICARDA's integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.","og_url":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/","og_site_name":"ICARDA Annual Report 2021","article_publisher":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/icarda","article_modified_time":"2023-10-04T18:12:02+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@ICARDA","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/","url":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/","name":"Livestock in Detail - ICARDA Annual Report 2021","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-07-15T10:51:19+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-04T18:12:02+00:00","description":"ICARDA's integrated approach prioritizes farmer and community-based solutions, enhancing sheep and goat production, sustainable rangeland management, water-efficient forage, and crop-livestock integration.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/livestock-in-details\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Livestock in Detail"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#website","url":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/","name":"ICARDA Annual Report 2021","description":"ICARDA Annual Report 2021","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#organization","name":"nternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)","url":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/02\/logo-icarda-2022.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/02\/logo-icarda-2022.png","width":316,"height":82,"caption":"nternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/facebook.com\/icarda","https:\/\/twitter.com\/ICARDA","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/icarda_cgiar\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCwzPIJDIXyBNQuEL-YdzRpQ"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1908"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1908"}],"version-history":[{"count":63,"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6637,"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1908\/revisions\/6637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/annual-report.icarda.org\/2021\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}